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Lonicera japonica

Thunb. (1784)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Dipsacales Family: Caprifoliaceae Genus: Lonicera

honekakala, japanese honeysuckle

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Sprawling and twining lianas.

Stems: Young stems pubescent.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades ovate, elliptic, oblong, or broadly lanceolate, blades 3–8 cm long, 1–3.5 cm wide. Surfaces pubescent, becoming glabrate above. Margins entire or young lower leaves sometimes lobed. Petioles 3-8 mm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in cymose inflorescences, flowers 2 in axillary cymes, bracts 1–2 cm long, bracteoles suborbicular, ca.1 mm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect), showy and fragrant. Calyx 4–5-lobed. Corolla elongate, tubular to funnelform, often gibbours at base, 4–5-lobed, corolla white, turning yellowish or tinged pink, 2-lipped, 2–3 cm long. Stamens inserted on the corolla tube; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary inferior; ovule placentation axile, pendulous, anatropous; style 1.

Fruit: Berries bluish black; globose; 6–7 mm in diameter. Seeds with oily; fleshy endosperm. This species does not usually produce fruit in Hawai‘i. If a fertile strain develops; it could become an extremely serious weed; as it has in other areas. Recently; G. Linney (pers. comm.) reported that most plants in Mānoa Valley; O‘ahu; set seed.

Ploidy: 2n = 18

Habitat: Cultivated and now escaping and becoming naturalized in mesic to wet areas in Kōke‘e State Park; Kaua‘i; and near Volcano and slopes of Hualālai; Hawai‘i.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Synonyms (45)

Caprifolium brachypodum G.Gordon (1877)
Caprifolium chinense S.Watson ex G.Don (1830)
Caprifolium japonicum (Thunb.) Dum.Cours. (1814)
Caprifolium japonicum f. subverticillare Kuntze (1891)
Caprifolium roseum Lam. (1779)
Lonicera aureoreticulata T.Moore (1863)
Lonicera brachypoda DC. (1830)
Lonicera brachypoda aureoreticulata (T.Moore) Jacob-Makoy (1865)
Lonicera brachypoda reticulata André (1866)
Lonicera brachypoda var. aureoreticulata Rothsch. (1868)
Lonicera brachypoda var. repens Siebold (1845)
Lonicera brachypoda var. reticulata Witte (1868)
Lonicera brachypoda variegata Abbey (1864)
Lonicera chinensis P.Watson (1825)
Lonicera cochinchinensis G.Don (1834)
Lonicera confusa Miq. (1866)
Lonicera diversifolia Carrière (1866)
Lonicera fauriei H.Lév. & Vaniot (1908)
Lonicera finlaysoniana Wall. (1832)
Lonicera flexuosa Thunb. (1794)
Lonicera flexuosa f. aureoreticulata (T.Moore) Dippel (1889)
Lonicera flexuosa f. halliana Dippel (1889)
Lonicera japonica f. aureoreticulata (T.Moore) Rehder (1903)
Lonicera japonica f. chinensis (P.Watson) H.Hara (1952)
Lonicera japonica f. flexuosa (Thunb.) Zabel (1903)
Lonicera japonica f. halliana (Dippel) H.Hara (1952)
Lonicera japonica f. macrantha Matsuda (1912)
Lonicera japonica f. purpurella Honda (1938)
Lonicera japonica f. quercifolia A.I.V.Correia (1987)
Lonicera japonica hybrida J.Dix (1860)
Lonicera japonica var. aureoreticulata (T.Moore) G.Nicholson (1896)
Lonicera japonica var. brachypoda Nakai (1927)
Lonicera japonica var. chinensis (P.Watson) Baker (1871)
Lonicera japonica var. flexuosa (Thunb.) G.Nicholson (1896)
Lonicera japonica var. halliana (Dippel) G.Nicholson (1896)
Lonicera japonica var. miyagusukiana Makino (1912)
Lonicera japonica var. purpurea
Lonicera japonica var. repens (Siebold) Rehder (1926)
Lonicera japonica var. sempervillosa Hayata (1920)
Lonicera miyagusukiana (Makino) Ohwi (1936)
Lonicera nigra Thunb. (1784)
Lonicera repens Hassk. (1844)
Lonicera shintenensis Hayata (1920)
Nintooa japonica (Thunb.) Sweet (1830)
Xylosteon flexuosum (Thunb.) Dum.Cours. (1814)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Birds

Vegetative Reproduction

Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Mercedez
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • First naturalized collection made on Hawai'i in l95l

Bibliography

Name Published In: J.A.Murray (ed.), Syst. Veg. ed. 14: 216 (1784)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:495 (K, H); Starr et al. 2002:19 (EM); Staples & Herbst 2005:220 (KEY), 221 (DESCR); Frohlich & Lau 2008:5 (O)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Lonicera japonica Thunb. east maui, makawao district, kealahou ahupuaa, kula, crest of kekaulike ave., keahuaiwi gulch On wet wooded gully. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. martz, k. collector number: 981209-1 Oahu BISH 12/9/1998
2 Lonicera japonica Thunb. ualakaa st., honolulu, arthur greenwell place PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. greenwell, a. collector number: 21704 Kauai BISH 6/22/1947
3 Lonicera japonica Thunb. u.h.campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN octavio, a.m. Oahu BISH 11/23/1929
4 Lonicera japonica Thunb. waihee valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN preble, j. collector number: 2007120801 Kauai BISH 12/8/2007
5 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Waihee Valley Naturalized on ridge, sprawling over shrub. Associated vegetation- Haole koa, Strawberry guava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Preble, J. 2007120801 Oahu BISH 12/8/2007
6 Lonicera japonica Thunb. W Maui, Lahaina District, Honokowai, Kaulalewelewe PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H60101 Maui BISH 6/1/2001
7 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Waimea District. Kokee State Park, along Highway 550 at about 200 meters south of Awa`awapuhi Trail head. Diverse mesic forest, with Metrosideros polymorpha and Acacia koa dominant. Understory with Psychotria, Claoxylon, Nesteges, and Pouteria, invaded by Hedychium, Lonicera, Psidium, Corynocarpus and Morella. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 10528 Kauai BISH 7/16/2015
8 Lonicera japonica Thunb. east maui, makawao district, pulehunui ahu, kula, crater road near pony express Sprawling across ground and twining up trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. martz, k. collector number: 980826-17 Maui BISH 8/26/1998
9 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Wahiawa, UTM 2377373, 601576 Mesic cultivated area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN OED 2008011501 Oahu BISH 1/15/2009
10 Lonicera japonica Thunb. waimea, kokee state park; unnamed trail from kokee-halemanu trail to highway 550 predominantly secondary vegetation of Myrica faya, Acacia melanoxylon, and Eucalyptus, with some native species PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lorence, d.h. flynn, r.; crum, e.; plews, j.h.r. collector number: 5810 Kauai BISH 2/17/1988
11 Lonicera japonica Thunb. East Maui, Makawao District, Pulehunui AHU, Kula, Crater Road near Pony Express Sprawling across ground and twining up trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. Martz, K. Collector Number: 980826-17 Maui BISH 8/26/1998
12 Lonicera japonica Thunb. byu-hc, laie loam, grassy PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ziegelbauer, k. collector number: 25 Oahu BISH 2/18/1975
13 Lonicera japonica Thunb. N Kona, Kaloko AHU, Tr 50 (5/6); N slope of Hualalai, E of Kaupulehu Crater Mesic koa-ohia forest w/other native trees and a native-exotic shrub and grass u/s PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Warshauer, F.R. FRW 2117 Hawaii BISH 5/31/1905
14 Lonicera japonica Thunb. kilauea military camp Dry green slopes. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 33294 Oahu BISH 2/12/1951
15 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Waimea, Kokee State Park; unnamed trail from Kokee-Halemanu Trail to Highway 550 predominantly secondary vegetation of Myrica faya, Acacia melanoxylon, and Eucalyptus, with some native species PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 5810 Kauai BISH 2/17/1988
16 Lonicera japonica Thunb. BYU-HC sandy, clay PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Utai, M. 8,41 Oahu BISH 3/1/1975
17 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Kilauea Military Camp edges of thicket in disturbed ground around camp, compact ash soil PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 33294 Hawaii BISH 2/12/1951
18 Lonicera japonica Thunb. byu-hc sandy, clay PRESERVED_SPECIMEN utai, m. collector number: 8,41 Oahu BISH 3/1/1975
19 Lonicera japonica Thunb. CCH, courtyard Men's Dorm I, in corner of court by lounge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ayakawa, G.T. GTA-4 Oahu BISH 3/15/1967
20 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Polama Settlement, Laie PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Luke, K. 9 Oahu BISH 11/24/1960
21 Lonicera japonica Thunb. n kona, kaloko ahu, tr 50 (5/6); n slope of hualalai, e of kaupulehu crater PRESERVED_SPECIMEN warshauer, f.r. collector number: frw 2117 Oahu BISH
22 Lonicera japonica Thunb. honolulu, nuuanu ave. nr. country club, residence of theo.cooke PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. Oahu BISH 6/12/1948
23 Lonicera japonica Thunb. volcano dump PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. mill, s.w.; flynn, t.; gustafson, r. collector number: 5269 Hawaii BISH 2/28/1984
24 Lonicera japonica Thunb. East Maui, Makawao District, Kealahou ahupuaa, Kula, crest of Kekaulike Ave., Keahuaiwi Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 981209-1 Maui BISH 12/9/1998
25 Lonicera japonica Thunb. BYU-HC, Laie silty loam; ground cover PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Afualo, D. 81 Oahu BISH 3/17/1975
26 Lonicera japonica Thunb. byu-hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN mace, g. collector number: 1 Oahu BISH 4/4/1975
27 Lonicera japonica Thunb. honolulu, nuuanu ave. nr. country club, residence of theo.cooke PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. Oahu BISH 6/12/1947
28 Lonicera japonica Thunb. keauhou ranch, kau district, 30 ft. from puu oo trail Plants in pastureland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cuddihy, l.w. state esp team collector number: 080 Hawaii BISH 12/20/1979
29 Lonicera japonica Thunb. East Maui, Makawao District, Pulehunui AHU, Kula, Crater Road near Pony Express Sprawling across ground and twining up trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 980826-17 Maui BISH 8/26/1998
30 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Kilauea Volcano, Crater Rim Rd., near residence area Metrosideros forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 47722 Hawaii BISH 9/20/1965
31 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Honolulu, 3058 Nuuanu Ave PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Thompson, Mrs.R.O. s.n. Oahu BISH 5/29/1947
32 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Keauhou Ranch, Kau District. 30 ft from Puu Oo trail Plants in pastureland, climbing up a fallen tree. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. ESP team Collector Number: 080 Hawaii BISH 12/20/1979
33 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Laie sandy loam PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kamae, K.K. 22 Oahu BISH 4/13/1967
34 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Honolulu, Nuuanu Ave. nr. Country Club, residence of Theo.Cooke PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/12/1947
35 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, 30 ft. from Puu oo Trail Plants in pastureland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. State ESP team Collector Number: 080 Hawaii BISH 12/20/1979
36 Lonicera japonica Thunb. U.H.Campus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Octavio, A.M. s.n. Oahu BISH 11/23/1929
37 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Kokee State Park,along Highway 550 at ca. 200 m south of Awa`awapuhi Trail head. Diverse mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 10528 Kauai PTBG 7/16/2015
38 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Honolulu, Woodlawn, Alani Drive. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN W. M. Bush 60 Oahu PTBG 6/27/1974
39 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Waihe'e Valley. Naturalized on ridge, sprawling over shrub. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN J. Preble 2007120801 Oahu PTBG 12/8/2007
40 Lonicera japonica Thunb. at volcano dump PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner, s. w. miller, t. w. flynn & r. gustafson 5269 Hawaii US 2/28/1984
41 Lonicera japonica Thunb. At Volcano dump PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W. L.; Miller, S. W.; Flynn, T. W.; Gustafson, R. 5269 Hawaii US 2/28/1984
42 Lonicera japonica Thunb. nuuanu valley, near upper reservoir PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 27091 Oahu US 9/22/1946
43 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Kokee State Park, along Hwy 550 near mile 18.4. Site of proposed DOFAW's Kalalau Rim Exclosure. Metrosideros dominated wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Mirutse Giday & Sara Friberg MGSF12 Kauai PTBG 7/23/1998
44 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Kokee State Park, unnamed trail from Kokee-Halemanu Trail to Hwy 550. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 5810 Kauai PTBG 2/17/1988
45 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Keauhou Ranch. 30 ft. from Puu Oo trail. Pastureland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN L. W. Cuddihy 80 Hawaii PTBG 12/20/1979
46 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Kokee State Park. Kumuwela road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1114 Kauai PTBG 6/4/1985
47 Lonicera japonica Thunb. W. Maui, , Honokowai, Kaulalewelewe. A round Haela'au Cabin and in adjacent areas. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H60101 Maui PTBG 6/1/2001
48 Lonicera japonica Thunb. kilauea military camp kilauea. In edges of thicket in disturbed ground around establishment, compact ash soil. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN francis r. fosberg 33294 RSA 2/12/1951
49 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Nuuanu Valley, near upper reservoir PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R. 27091 Oahu US 9/22/1946
50 Lonicera japonica Thunb. waimea district, kokee state park, along highway 550 at ca. 200 m south of awa1awapuhi trailhead. Diverse mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. h. lorence, s. p. perlman, w. kishida & k. watanabe 10528 Kauai US 7/16/2015
51 Lonicera japonica Thunb. kilauea military camp, kilauea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 33294 Hawaii US 2/12/1951
52 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Kilauea Military Camp, Kilauea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R. 33294 Hawaii US 2/12/1951
53 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Waimea District, Kokee State Park, along Highway 550 at ca. 200 m south of Awa1awapuhi trailhead. Diverse mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D. H.; Perlman, S. P.; Kishida, W.; Watanabe, K. 10528 Kauai US 7/16/2015
54 Lonicera japonica Thunb. polama settlement, laie PRESERVED_SPECIMEN luke, k. collector number: 9 Kauai BISH 11/24/1960
55 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Kilauea Volcano, Crater Rim Rd. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R. 47722 Hawaii US 9/20/1965
56 Lonicera japonica Thunb. byu-hawaii loam PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lee, p. collector number: 41 Oahu BISH 3/27/1975
57 Lonicera japonica Thunb. BYU-Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Mace, G. 1 Oahu BISH 4/4/1975
58 Lonicera japonica Thunb. keauhou ranch, kau district. 30 ft from puu oo trail Plants in pastureland, climbing up a fallen tree. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cuddihy, l.w. esp team collector number: 080 Hawaii BISH 12/20/1979
59 Lonicera japonica Thunb. wahiawa, utm 2377373, 601576 Mesic cultivated area. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oed collector number: 2008011501 Oahu BISH 1/15/2009
60 Lonicera japonica Thunb. S.Kona, Honomalino PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kawasaki, A. s.n. Hawaii BISH 9/28/1962
61 Lonicera japonica Thunb. hawaii volcanoes national park, kilauea volcano, crater rim rd. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 47722 Hawaii US 9/20/1965
62 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Honolulu, 908 Kamilonui Rd full sun, potted PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 1855 Oahu BISH 1/13/1986
63 Lonicera japonica Thunb. BYU-HC loamy clay, grasses PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Loyd, L. 24 Oahu BISH 3/23/1977
64 Lonicera japonica Thunb. East Maui, Makawao District, Kealahou ahupuaa, Kula, crest of Kekaulike Ave., Keahuaiwi Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. Martz, K. Collector Number: 981209-1 Maui BISH 12/9/1998
65 Lonicera japonica Thunb. cch, courtyard men's dorm i, in corner of court by lounge dry aa lava with Sophora, Canthium, Dodonaea, Metrosideros PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ayakawa, g.t. collector number: gta-4 Hawaii BISH 3/15/1967
66 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Ualakaa St., Honolulu, Arthur Greenwell place PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 21704 Oahu BISH 6/22/1947
67 Lonicera japonica Thunb. laie grassy margin of pasture PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kamae, k.k. collector number: 22 Maui BISH 4/13/1967
68 Lonicera japonica Thunb. byu-hc loamy clay, grasses PRESERVED_SPECIMEN loyd, l. collector number: 24 Oahu BISH 3/23/1977
69 Lonicera japonica Thunb. s.kona, honomalino PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kawasaki, a. Hawaii BISH 9/28/1962
70 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Honolulu, Nuuanu Ave. nr. Country Club, residence of Theo.Cooke PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/12/1948
71 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Volcano dump PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 5269 Hawaii BISH 2/28/1984
72 Lonicera japonica Thunb. BYU-HC, Laie loam, grassy PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ziegelbauer, K. 25 Oahu BISH 2/18/1975
73 Lonicera japonica Thunb. w maui, lahaina district, honokowai, kaulalewelewe Growing in a clearing within the scattered Metrosideros - Cheirodendron forest with a closed Cibotium understory. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h60101 Hawaii BISH 6/1/2001
74 Lonicera japonica Thunb. kilauea volcano, crater rim rd., near residence area Metrosideros forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 47722 Hawaii BISH 9/20/1965
75 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Keauhou Ranch, Kau District. 30 ft from Puu Oo trail Plants in pastureland, climbing up a fallen tree. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. 80 Hawaii BISH 12/20/1979
76 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Kapalama Hts., Kamamehameha Girls' School PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/6/1932
77 Lonicera japonica Thunb. honolulu, 908 kamilonui rd PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 1855 Oahu BISH 1/13/1986
78 Lonicera japonica Thunb. W Maui, Lahaina District, Honokowai, Kaulalewelewe PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H60101 Maui BISH 6/1/2001
79 Lonicera japonica Thunb. kapalama hts., kamamehameha girls' school In patches over 30 cm in diameter on the Ewa (southeast) side of the breakwater at the mouth of the stream. -- Only on basalt rock and with Porphyra. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. judd, a.f.; bryan jr., e.h. Oahu BISH 6/6/1932
80 Lonicera japonica Thunb. byu-hc, laie silty loam; ground cover PRESERVED_SPECIMEN afualo, d. collector number: 81 Oahu BISH 3/17/1975
81 Lonicera japonica Thunb. BYU-Hawaii loam PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lee, P. 41 Oahu BISH 3/27/1975
82 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, 30 ft. from Puu oo Trail Plants in pastureland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. 80 Hawaii BISH 12/20/1979
83 Lonicera japonica Thunb. Nuuanu Valley, near upper reservoir top of embankment PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 27091 Oahu BISH 9/22/1946
84 Lonicera japonica Thunb. honolulu, 3058 nuuanu ave PRESERVED_SPECIMEN thompson, mrs.r.o. Oahu BISH 5/29/1947
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